Reference
Every input box of every module, with its symbol, units and what it does. Percent strains are entered as percent; the compression ultimate strain is entered as a fraction of 1.
Geometry (all modules)
| Input |
Symbol |
SI |
US |
Notes |
| Span (L) |
\(L\) |
mm |
in |
Clear span between supports |
| Width (b) |
\(b\) |
mm |
in |
Section width |
| Height (h) |
\(h\) |
mm |
in |
Section depth. In the EN 14651 module it is the ligament depth above the notch, 125 mm for the standard prism |
| Plastic Length (Lp) |
\(L_p\) |
mm |
in |
Localization length. Suggested: \(S_2\) in 4-point bending, \(h\) in 3-point bending, 25 mm for the EN 14651 prism |
| Loc. Length (Lp2) |
\(L_{p2}\) |
mm |
in |
TRC module only, the post-peak localization zone |
| Notch Depth |
\(d_n\) |
mm |
in |
EN 14651 module only. The distance from the notch tip down to the CMOD gauge line. Added below the height in the drawings; the total prism depth is \(h + d_n\) |
| Loading (3 or 4) |
|
|
|
3-point or 4-point bending |
| Load Spacing (4pb) |
\(S_2\) |
mm |
in |
Distance between the two loads in 4-point bending |
| Concrete Cover |
\(c\) |
mm |
in |
Design modules, cover to the bar center |
| Top / Bot. Rebar Dia, Count |
|
mm, count |
in, count |
Design modules, a count of 0 removes the layer |
| # of Textile |
|
count |
count |
TRC module, textile layers through the thickness |
Tension model
| Input |
Symbol |
SI |
US |
Notes |
| Elastic Modulus (E) |
\(E\) |
MPa |
psi |
Tensile modulus of the matrix |
| Cracking Strain |
\(\varepsilon_{cr}\) |
% |
% |
Cracking stress is \(E\,\varepsilon_{cr}\) |
| Stress Coordinate 1, 2, 3 |
\(\sigma_1, \sigma_2, \sigma_3\) |
MPa |
psi |
Post-cracking stresses |
| Strain Coordinate 1, 2, 3 |
\(\varepsilon_1, \varepsilon_2, \varepsilon_3\) |
% |
% |
Strains at the stresses above, increasing |
| Crack Width 1, 2, 3 |
\(w_1, w_2, w_3\) |
mm |
in |
EN 14651 module, in place of the strain coordinates. The model's internal crack opening, not the measured CMOD |
Crack-opening coordinates of the notched-beam module
Version note. This separation of measured CMOD, model CMOD and model CTOD, and the Load-CMOD tab name, belong to the EN 14651 change listed under Unreleased in the release notes. Earlier builds name that tab Load-Crack Width. The symbols and the kinematics themselves are unchanged.
| Term |
Symbol |
Meaning |
| Measured CMOD |
\(\text{CMOD}_{exp}\) |
Crack-mouth opening recorded by the clip gauge. The fixed experimental x coordinate, used exactly as imported |
| Model CMOD |
\(\text{CMOD}_{sim}\) |
Crack-mouth opening the current model predicts, \(\text{CTOD}_{total}\left[1 + d_n/((1-k)h)\right]\). The x axis of the Load-CMOD tab |
| Model CTOD |
\(\text{CTOD}_{total}\) |
Opening at the notch tip, \(w + \varepsilon_{cr} L_p\). The x axis of the Moment-Crack Width, Flexural Stress-Crack Width and Stress Profile tabs |
| Crack opening |
\(w\) |
Post-cracking excess opening of the tension law, the coordinate of \(w_1, w_2, w_3\) |
| Notch depth |
\(d_n\) |
Notch tip down to the CMOD gauge line |
| Ligament depth |
\(h\) |
Depth above the notch tip, the Height input. Not the total specimen depth |
Suggested values printed on the tab, ACI 318-19 normalweight concrete: \(E_c = 4700\sqrt{f'_c}\) MPa, \(f_r = 0.62\sqrt{f'_c}\) MPa, \(\varepsilon_{cr} = f_r/E_c\). In US units \(E_c = 57000\sqrt{f'_c}\) psi and \(f_r = 7.5\sqrt{f'_c}\) psi.
Compression model
| Input |
Symbol |
SI |
US |
Notes |
| Elastic Modulus (Ec) |
\(E_c\) |
MPa |
psi |
Compressive modulus |
| Yield Strength (f'c) |
\(f'_c\) |
MPa |
psi |
Compressive strength, reached at \(f'_c/E_c\) |
| Residual Stress (f'cu) |
\(f'_{cu}\) |
MPa |
psi |
Stress at the maximum strain. Equal to \(f'_c\) for a plastic plateau. Not present in the EN 14651 module, whose law is flat after the strength |
| Max. Strain Limit, Ultimate Strain |
\(\varepsilon_{cu}\) |
fraction or % |
fraction or % |
A fraction of 1 in the ASTM C1609, Hybrid and FRP modules (0.0125), percent in the EN 14651 and TRC modules (1.25). The unit is printed beside the box |
Reinforcement model (Hybrid beam, Cross-sectional)
| Input |
Symbol |
SI |
US |
Notes |
| Elastic Modulus (Es) |
\(E_s\) |
MPa |
psi |
|
| Yield Strength (fsy) |
\(f_{sy}\) |
MPa |
psi |
|
| Ultimate Stress (fsu) |
\(f_{su}\) |
MPa |
psi |
Equal to \(f_{sy}\) for no hardening |
| Ultimate Strain |
\(\varepsilon_{su}\) |
fraction |
fraction |
Rupture strain |
| Input |
Symbol |
SI |
US |
Notes |
| Bar Modulus (Ef) |
\(E_f\) |
MPa |
psi |
Linear to rupture |
| Tensile Strength (ffu) |
\(f_{fu}\) |
MPa |
psi |
Rupture strain is \(f_{fu}/E_f\) |
| Laminate Width (bf) |
\(b_f\) |
mm |
in |
|
| Thickness per Ply (tf), Number of Plies |
\(t_f, n\) |
mm |
in |
Laminate area is \(b_f\, n\, t_f\) |
| Laminate Modulus, Tensile Strength |
\(E_f, f_{fu}\) |
MPa |
psi |
|
| Substrate Strain at Bonding |
|
% |
% |
Soffit strain present when the laminate was applied |
| Debonding Strain Limit |
\(\varepsilon_{fd}\) |
% |
% |
0 lets rupture govern |
| Once the Laminate is Lost |
|
|
|
Stop the analysis, or continue without the laminate |
Cross-sectional module
| Input |
SI |
US |
Notes |
| Preset Shape, Preset Parameters |
in |
in |
Published AASHTO and PCI dimensions, always in inches |
| Section Vertices, Void |
mm |
in |
Outline and void as x, y pairs |
| Axial Load (P) |
N |
lbf |
Compression positive |
| Mesh layers, Curvature steps, P-M axial points |
|
|
Discretization. Defaults 240, 500, 25 |
| Transverse |
|
|
Tied (φ 0.65, 0.80 cap) or Spiral (φ 0.75, 0.85 cap), ACI 318-19 |
| Tension levels |
|
|
Axial levels added below zero for the P-M diagram |
| Rebar Layers: y, As, x |
mm, mm² |
in, in² |
Height from the bottom, layer area, drawing position |
| Tendons: Ep, fpy, fpu, εpu, Ap |
MPa, mm² |
psi, in² |
Strand law and area of one strand |
| Tendon Layers: y, strands, fpe |
mm, MPa |
in, psi |
Height, number of strands, effective prestress after losses |
| Test, Span L, Load spacing S2, Localization length Lp |
mm |
in |
Load-Deflection tab |